Most Cited Articles – 2017

Security Analysis of AES and Enhancing its Security by Modifying S-Box with an Additional Byte
Tanvir Ahmed Shaon and Md Alam Hossain Abdullah Al- Mamun and Shawon S. M. Rahman, IJCNC Journal, Vol.9, No.2, March 2017 PP. 69-88
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2017.9206

Discovering New Cyber Protection Approaches from a Security Professional Prospective
Alain Loukaka and Shawon S. M. Rahman, IJCNC Journal, Vol.9, No.4, March 2017 PP. 13-25
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2017.9402

A Structured Deep Neural Network for Data Driven Localization in High Frequency Wireless Networks
Michael B. Crouse and H.T. Kung Marcus Z. Comiter, IJCNC Journal, Vol.9, No.3, May 2017 PP. 21-39
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2017.9302

Investigation of Computational Intelligence Techniques for Intrusion Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks
Christopher D. McDermott and Andrei Petrovski, IJCNC Journal, Vol.9, No.4, July 2017 PP. 45-56
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2017.9404

Most Cited Articles – 2016

A Middleware for the Internet of Things
Seyed Shahrestani and Hon Cheung Mahmoud Elkhodr, IJCNC Journal, Vol.8, No.2, March 2016 PP. 159-178
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2016.8214

Study the Effect of Parameters to Load Balancing in Cloud Computing
Tran Cong Hung, and Nguyen Xuan Phi, IJCNC Journal, Vol.8, No.3, May 2016 PP. 33-45
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2016.8303

Performance Analysis of Multi-Path TCP Network
Hamzah M A Hijawi and Mohammad M. N. Hamarsheh, IJCNC Journal, Vol.8, No.2, March 2016 PP. 145-157
DOI : 10.5121/ijmit.2016.8202

Localization for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Neural Network Approach
Ronesh Sharma and Edwin R. Vans Shiu Kumar, IJCNC Journal, Vol.8, No.1, January 2016 PP. 61-71
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2016.8105

Most Cited Articles – 2015

Real Time Wireless Health Monitoring Application Using Mobile Devices
Amna Abdullah, Asma Ismael, Aisha Rashid, Ali Abou-ElNour, and Mohammed Tarique , IJCNC Journal, Vol.7, No.3, May 2015 PP. 13-30
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2015.7302

Concepts And Evolution Of Research In The Field Of Wireless Sensor Networks
Ado Adamou ABBA ARI, Abdelhak GUEROUI, Nabila LABRAOUI and Blaise Omer YENKE , IJCNC Journal, Vol.7, No.1, January 2015 PP. 81-98
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2015.7106

A Predictive Framework for Cyber Security Analytics Using Attack Graphs
Subil Abraham and Suku Nair , IJCNC Journal, Vol.7, No.1, January 2015 PP. 1-17
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2015.7101

An Overview of Visible Light Communication Systems
Taner Cevik and Serdar Yilmaz, IJCNC Journal, Vol.7, No.6, January 2015 PP. 139-150
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2015.7610

Section Based Hex-Cell Routing ALGORITHM (SBHCR)
Mohammad Qatawneh, Ahmad Alamoush, Ja'far Alqatawna, IJCNC Journal, Vol.7, No.1, January 2015 PP. 139-150
DOI:10.5121/ijcnc.2015.7112

Fuzzy Based Clustering and Energy Efficient Routing for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network
Sihem Souiki, Mourad Hadjila and Mohammed Feham, IJCNC Journal, Vol.7, No.2, March 2015 PP. 33-44
DOI:10.5121/ijcnc.2015.7203

Analytic Hierarchy Process for Qos Evaluation of Mobile Data Network
Daniel E. Asuquo and Uduak A. Umoh, IJCNC Journal, Vol.7, No.6, November 2015 PP. 125-137
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2015.7609

Most Cited Articles – 2014

Ubiquitous Smart Home System Using Android Application
Shiu Kumar, IJCNC Journal, Vol.6, No.1, Jan 2014 PP. 33-43
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2014.6103

Correlation Based Feature Selection (CFS) Technique to Predict Student Perfromance
Mital Doshi, Setu K Chaturved, IJCNC Journal, Vol.6, No.3, May 2014 PP. 197-206
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2014.6315

Analysis of Wifi and Wimax and Wireless Network Coexistence
Shuaibu Hassan Usman1 and Ishaq Oyebisi Oyefolahan,IJMIT Journal, Vol.6, No.2, May 2014 , PP. 19-28
DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2014.6605

Zigbee Technology and its Application in Wireless Home Automation Systems: A Survey
Thoraya Obaid, HaleemahRashed, Ali Abou-Elnour, Muhammad Rehan, Mussab Muhammad Saleh and Mohammed Tarique, IJCNC Journal, Vol.6, No.4, July 2014 PP. 115-131
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2014.6411

Analysis of IPV6 Transition Technologies
Ali Albkerat and Biju Issac, IJCNC Journal, Vol.6, No.5, September 2014 PP. 19-38
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2014.6502

Performance Comparison of Mobile Ad Hoc Network Routing Protocols
Mandeep Kaur Gulati and Krishan Kumar, IJCNC Journal, Vol.6, No.2, March 2014 PP. 127-142
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2014.6211

A Preliminary Evaluation of Bandwidth Allocation Model Dynamic Switching
Rafael F. Reale, Romildo Martins S. Bezerra and Joberto Sergio B. Martins', IJCNC Journal, Vol.6, No.3, May 2014 PP. 131-141
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2014.6311

Secure Routing and Data Transmission in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Waleed S. Alnumay and Uttam Ghosh, IJCNC Journal, Vol.6, No.1, January 2014 PP. 111-127
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2014.6108

A Computer Virus Propagation Model Using Delay Differential Equations with Probabilistic Contagion and Immunity
M. S. S. Khan v, IJCNC Journal, Vol.6, No.5, September 2014 PP. 111-128
DOI :10.5121/ijcnc.2014.6508

Most Cited Articles - 2013

Improving Quality of Service and Reducing Power Consumption with WAN accelerator in Cloud Computing Environments
Shin-ichi Kuribayashi,IJCNC Journal,Vol.5, No.1, January 2013,PP.41-52
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2013.5103

Investigate The Performance Evaluation Of Iptv Over Wimax Networks
Jamil M. Hamodi and Ravindra C. Thool, IJCNC Journal, Vol.5, No.1, January 2013,PP.81-95
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2013.5106

The Affects of Different Queuing Algorithms within the Router on QoS VoIP application Using OPNET
Hussein A. Mohammed, Adnan Hussein Ali and  Hawraa Jassim Mohammed, IJCNC Journal,
Vol.5, No.1, January 2013,PP.117-124
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2013.5108

I Am 4 Vho: New Approach To Improve Seamless Vertical Handover In Heterogeneous Wireless Networks
Omar Khattab and Omar Alani, IJCNC Journal, Vol.5, No.3, May 2013,PP.53-63
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2013.5304

A Framework For Software-As-A-Service Selection And Provisioning
Elarbi Badidi, IJCNC Journal, Vol.5, No.3, May 2013,PP.189-200
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2013.5314

On Client’s Interactive Behaviour To Design Peer Selection Policies For Bittorrent-Like Protocols
Marcus V. M. Rocha and Carlo Kleber da S. Rodrigues, IJCNC Journal, Vol.5, No.5, September 2013,PP.141-159
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2013.5511

Wireless Sensor Networks Localization Algorithms: A Comprehensive Survey.
Asma Mesmoudi , Mohammed Feham and Nabila Labraoui, IJCNC Journal, Vol.5, No.6, November 2013,PP.45-64
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2013.5603

An Efficient Ant Based Qos Aware Intelligent Temporally Ordered Routing Algorithm For Manets
Debajit Sensarma and Koushik Majumder ,IJCNC Journal,Vol.5, No.4, July 2013,PP.189-203,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2013.5415

Most Cited Articles - 2012

A Distributed Mutual Exclusion Algorithm For Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Kayhan Erciyes and Orhan Dagdeviren,IJCNC Journal, Vol.4, No.2, March 2012,PP.129-148
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2012.4209

Study the Effect of Base Frequency on the Performance of WiMAX Network Carrying Voice
Bassam F.Gumaidah , Hasan H.Soliman and M.Obayya,IJCNC Journal, Vol.4, No.4, July 2012,PP.77-88DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2012.4405

Energy Detection Technique For Spectrum Sensing In Cognitive Radio: A Survey
Mahmood A. Abdulsattar and Zahir A. Hussein,IJCNC Journal, Vol.4, No.5, September 2012,PP.223-242
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2012.4514

Demonstration And Performance Analysis Of Rof Based Ofdm-Pon System For Nextgeneration Faber Optic Communication
Nadia Nowshin, A K M Arifuzzman and Mohammed Tarique,IJCNC Journal, Vol.4, No.1, January 2012,PP.193-209,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2012.4114

Reducing Total Power Consumption Method in Cloud Computing Environments
Shin-ichi Kuribayashi,IJCNC Journal, Vol.4, No.2, March 2012,PP.69-84DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2012.4205

Multilayered Bow-Tie Antennas Design For Rfid And Radar Applications Using A Simple Equivalent Transmission Line Model
S. Didouh, M. Abri and F. T. Bendimerad,IJCNC Journal, Vol.4, No.3, May 2012,PP.121-131
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2012.4309

Performance Analysis Of The Routing Protocols For Video Streaming Over Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Muhammad Shaffatul Islam Md. Adnan Riaz and Mohammed Tarique,IJCNC Journal, Vol.4, No.3, May 2012,PP.133-150
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2012.4310

Aodvsec: A Novel Approach To Secure Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (Aodv) Routing Protocol From Insider Attacks In Manets
Akshai Aggarwal,Dr. Savita Gandhi,Nirbhay Chaubey,Pathik Shah and Madhvi Sadhwani,IJCNC Journal, Vol.4, No.4, July 2012,PP.191-210
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2012.4412

Intelligent Home Monitoring Using Rssi In Wireless Sensor Networks
Firdous Kausar, Eisa Al Eisa and Imam Bakhsh,IJCNC Journal, Vol.4, No.6, November 2012,PP.33-46
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2012.4603

Most Cited Articles - 2011

U-Learning Within A Context-Aware Multiagent Environment
Monica Vladoiu and Zoran Constantinescu IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.1, January 2011,PP.1-15,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3101

Effective Sensor Relocation Technique in Mobile Sensor Networks
Ahmed M. Khedr and Hager Ramadan, IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.1, January 2011,PP.204-217
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3113

Knowledge Management System Design Using Extended Gaia
Pooja Jain and Deepak Dahiya,IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.1, January 2011,PP.140-152,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3109

An Efficient Cluster Based Approach For Multi-Source Multicast Routing Protocol In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
R.Pandi Selvam and V.Palanisamy,IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.1, January 2011,PP. 154-166,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3110

Ospf Weight Setting Optimization For Single Link Failures
Mohammed H. Sqalli, Sadiq M. Sait, and Syed Asadullah, IJCNC Journal, Vol.3, No.1, January 2011, PP. 168-183,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3111

DS-CDMA Cellular Systems Performance With Base Station Assignment, Power Control Error, And Beamforming Over Multipath Fading
Mohamad Dosaranian Moghadam, Hamidreza Bakhshi and Gholamreza Dadashzadeh ,IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.1, January 2011, PP. 185-202,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3112

Applying Web Services With Mobile Agents For Computer Network Management
Mydhili K.Nair and V.Gopalakrishna, IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.2, March 2011,PP. 125-144,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3209

Takahiro Hirayama, Models of Link Capacity Distribution in ISP's Router-Level Topology
Takahiro Hirayama, Shin'ichi Arakawa, Shigehiro Hosoki and Masayuki Murata, IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.5, Sep 2011,PP. 205-216,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3515

Decentralized Self-Management Of Trust For Mobile Ad Hoc Social Networks
Juan Li and Qingrui Li, IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.6, November 2011,PP.1-17,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3601

Effect Of Temperature On The Performance Of A Cylindrical Microstrip Printed Antenna For Tm01mode Using Different Substrates
Elrashidi,K. Elleithy and Hassan Bajwa,IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.5, Sep 2011,PP. 1 to 19,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3501

Performance Analysis Of IEEE 802.15.4/Zigbee Standard Under Real Time Constraints
Lamia CHAARI and Lotfi KAMOUN,IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.5, Sep 2011,PP. 235-251,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3517

Enhancing Congestion Control To Address Link Failure Loss Over Mobile Ad-Hoc Network
Mohammad Amin Kheirandish Fard,Sasan Karamizadeh and Mohammad Aflaki,IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.5, Sep 2011,PP. 177-192,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3513

Cluster-Based Load Balancing Algorithms For Grids
Resat Umit Payli, Kayhan Erciyes and Orhan Dagdeviren, IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.5, Sep 2011,PP. 253-269
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3518

Improving Tcp Performance Over Wireless Network With Frequent Disconnections
Purvang Dalal,Nikhil Kothari and K. S. Dasgupta ,IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.6, November 2011,PP 169-184
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3611

Efficient Traffic Control Of Vod System
Soumen kanra ,IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.5, Sep 2011,PP 95-106,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3507

Range Free Localization Schemes For Wireless Sensor Networks
Ashok Kumar,Narottam Chand,Vinod Kumar and Vinay Kuma, IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.6, November 2011,PP. 115-129,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3607

Optimization Of Input Covariance Matrix For Multi-Antenna Correlated Channels
Feng Li, IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.5, Sep 2011,PP. 149-160,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3511

Performance Evaluation Of Secure Video Transmission Over Wimax
FarrukhEhtisham, Emmanouil A. Panaousis and Christos Politis, IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.6, November 2011PP. 131-144,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3608

Smoothing And Modeling Of Video Transmission Rates Over A Qos Network With Limited Bandwidth Connections
Khaled Shuaib, Farag Sallabi and Liren Zhang, IJCNC Journal, Vol.3, No.3, May 2011,PP. 148-162,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3310

Multiple Ant-Bee Colony Optimization For Load Balancing In Packet-Switched Networks
Mehdi Kashefikia,Nasser Nematbakhsh and Reza Askari Moghadam, IJCNC Journal Vol.3, No.5, Sep 2011 PP. 107-117,
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2011.3508

Most Cited Articles - 2010

A Semantically Distributed Approach To Map Ip Traffic Measurements To A Standardized Ontology
Alfredo Salvador, Jorge E. López Vergara, Giuseppe Tropea, Nicola Blefari-Melazzi, Ángel Ferreiro and Álvaro Katsu,IJCNC Journal, Vol 2, No. 1, January 2010,PP.13-31

Performance Evaluation of an OMPR Algorithm for Route Discovery in Noisy MANETs
Hussein Al-Bahadili and Rami Jaradat,IJCNC Journal, Vol. 2, No. 1, January 2010,PP.85-96

Using DSR for routing multimedia traffic in MANETs
Ronald Beaubrun and Badji Molo,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.1, January 2010,PP. 120-138

Impact of Mobility Models on Multi-Path Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Nicholas Cooper and Natarajan Meghanathan,IJCNC Journal, Vol. 2, No.1, January 2010,PP.185-194

Bandwidth Modeling and Estimation in Peer to Peer Networks
Kiarash Mizanian, Mehdi Vasef and Morteza Analoui,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.3, May 2010,PP.65 - 83 DIO10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2306

A Joint Power Allocation and Adaptive Channel Coding Scheme for Image Transmission over Wireless Channels
Mohamed El-Tarhuni ,Mohamed Hassan and Akram Bin Sediq,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.3, May 2010,PP.85-99DIO10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2307

Class Based Admission Control by Complete Partitioning -Video on Demand Server
Soumen Kanrar and Mohammad Siraj,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.3, May 2010.PP.101-112 DIO10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2308

A Novel Solution to the Dynamic Routing and Wavelength Assignment Problem in Transparent Optical Networks
Urmila Bhanja , Sudipta Mahapatra and Rajarshi Roy,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.3, March 2010,PP.119-130 DIO 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2209

Interference Of 802.11b Wlan And Bluetooth: Analysis And Performance Evaluation
Anil Mathew, Nithin Chandrababu, Khaled Elleithy and Syed Rizvi,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.3, May 2010,PP.140-150 DIO10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2311

The Quantized Differential Comparator In Flash Analog To Digital Converter Design
Meghana Kulkarni,V. Sridhar and G.H.Kulkarni,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.4, July 2010,PP.37-45
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2404

Delay-Power Performance Comparison Of Multipliers In Vlsi Circuit Design
Sumit Vaidya and Deepak Dandekar,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.4, July 2010,PP.47-56
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2405

Power Optimized Programmable Embedded Controller
M.Kamaraju, Dr.K.Lal Kishore and Dr.A.V.N.Tilak,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.4, July 2010,PP.97-107
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2409

Performance Analysis Of An Improved Graded Precision Localization Algorithm For Wireless Sensor Networks
Sanat Sarangi and Subrat Kar,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.4, July 2010,PP.150-159
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2413

A Reliable and Energy Efficient Transport Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Kamal Kumar Sharma , Ram Bahadur Patel and Harbhajan Singh,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.5, September 2010,PP.92- 103
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2506

A Proactive Load-Aware Gateway Discovery in Ad Hoc Networks for Internet Connectivity
Rakesh Kumar , Manoj Misra and Anil K. Sarje,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.5, September 2010,PP.120-139 DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2508

A Cluster Based Replication Architecture for Load Balancing in Peer-to-Peer Content Distribution
S.Ayyasamy and S.N. Sivanandam,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.5, September 2010,PP.158-172
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2510

Network Mobility Support Scheme on PMIPv6 Networks
Hyo-Beom Lee , Youn-Hee Han and Sung-Gi Min,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.5, September 2010,PP.206-213
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2513

Cr-Mac: A Multichannel Mac Protocol For Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks
S.M.Kamruzzaman,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.5, September 2010,PP.01-14
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2501

A High Tcp Performance Rate Adaptation Algorithm For Ieee 802.11 Networks
Kehao Zhang ,Alvin Lim,Shaoen Wu and Qing Yang,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.6, November 2010,PP.31-44
DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2603

In-Depth Breakdown Of A 6lowpan Stack For Sensor Networks
Sergio Lembo,Jari Kuusisto and Jukka Manner,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.6, November 2010,PP.204-223DOI : 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2614

Optimal Placement of Readers in an RFID Network Using Particle Swarm Optimization
Indrajit Bhattacharya and Uttam Kumar Roy,IJCNC Journal, Vol.2, No.6, November 2010,PP.225-234 DOI: 10.5121/ijcnc.2010.2615

Most Cited Articles - 2009

 

Mobile Ad-Hoc Network Based Relaying Data System For Oceanic Flight Routes In Aeronautical Communications
Ho Dac Tu and Shigeru Shimamoto, IJCNC Journal, Vol.1, No.1, April 2009, PP. 33-44

Anomaly Intrusion Detection Design Using Hybrid Of Unsupervised And Supervised Neural Network
M. Bahrololum, E. Salahi and M. Khaleghi, IJCNC Journal, Vol.1, No.2, July 2009,PP. 26-33

Trust Based Clustering And Secure Routing Scheme For Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Pushpita Chatterjee, IJCNC Journal, Vol.1, No.2, July 2009, PP. 84-97

Hop-By-Hop TCP For Sensor Networks
Yao-Nan Lien, IJCNC Journal, Vol.1, No.1, April 2009, 1 -16

Multi Channel Mac For Wireless Sensor Networks
M. Ramakrishnan and P. Vanaja Ranjan, IJCNC Journal, Vol.1, No.2, July 2009, 47-54

Aom: An Efficient Approach To Restore Actor-Actor Connectivity In Wireless Sensor And Actor Networks
Azadeh Zamanifar, Omid Kashefi and Mohsen Sharifi, IJCNC Journal, Vol.1, No.1, April 2009, 61-72

Improved Network Connectivity In Manets
B RSujatha and M V Satyanarayana , IJCNC Journal, Vol.1, No.3, October 2009 1-8

Pollution In P2P Live Video Streaming
Prithula Dhungel , Xiaojun Hei , Keith W. Ross and Nitesh Saxena, , IJCNC Journal, Vol.1, No.2, July 2009, 99-110

PSNR Evaluation Of Media Traffic Over TFRC
Mohammad A. Talaat, Magdi A. Koutb, and Hoda S. Sorour, IJCNC Journal, Vol.1, No.3, October 2009, 71-76

Formal Analysis Of Security Policy Implementations In Enterprise Networks
P Bera , Pallab Dasgupta and S K Ghosh, IJCNC Journal, Vol.1, No.2, July 2009, 56-73